| Credits | 3 |
|---|---|
| Degree Level | Graduate |
| Department | Health and Biomedical Sciences |
This course examines advanced human pathophysiology of the cell and muscle, cardiovascular, pulmonary, neurological, renal, hepatic, immune, hematological, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and endocrine systems. Mechanisms of disease-state manifestations at the cellular, organ, and system levels are explored. Anesthetic implications are highlighted.

